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Political science.

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Theatrical science --- toneelgeschiedenis --- Compiègne

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Political science --- History.

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In this enumeration and history of the principal tribes of the Animal Kingdom, we have traced in every page the footsteps of infinite Wisdom, Power, and Goodness. In our ascent from the most minute and least animated parts of that Kingdom to man himself, we have seen in every department that nothing was left to chance, or the rule of circumstances, but every thing was adapted by its structure and organization for the situation in which it was to be placed, and the functions it was to discharge; that though every being, or group of beings, had separate interests, and wants, all were made to subserve to a common purpose, and to promote a common object; and that though there was a general and unceasing conflict between the members of this sphere of beings, introducing apparently death and destruction into every part of it, yet that by this great mass of seeming evil pervading the whole circuit of the animal creation, the renewed health and vigour of the entire system were maintained. A part suffers for the benefit and salvation of the whole; so that the doctrine of the sufferings of one creature, by the will of God, being necessary to promote the welfare of another, is irrefragably established by every thing we see in nature; and further, that there is an unseen hand directing all to accomplish this great object, and taking care that the destruction shall in no case exceed the necessity. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved).

Animal behavior. --- Religion and science. --- Christian ethics.

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« Le savoir dérivé d'Aristote, s'il est soustrait au libre examen, ne montera pas plus haut que le savoir qu'Aristote avait. » Dans les arts mécaniques, le début est grossier puis l'on développe et perfectionne - ce que Bacon baptise ici « progrès ». S'il n'en va pas de même pour les savoirs, c'est que, dans la société, la science est une grande incomprise. Que faire pour y remédier ? Bien des choses, et d'abord convaincre l'État de s'en mêler. Publié en anglais en 1605, Du progrès n'a connu jusqu'ici qu'une traduction française, en 1624. La phrase qui recommande le libre examen d'Aristote y a été censurée, comme tout ce qui touche à la scolastique. Bacon lui-même, en se faisant traduire en latin pour le Continent, expurge son livre. L'audace intellectuelle de l'original n'avait donc pas encore vraiment franchi la Manche. L'essentiel fut cependant entendu de tous au XVIIe siècle : les sciences, produites par l'effort humain, doivent être distinguées de la religion.

Logic --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Learning --- Science